States of India :Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh
India is a federal union comprising 28 states and 8 union territories. The states and union territories are further subdivided into districts and smaller administrative divisions. India became a democratic country on 15th August 1947, after its independence. All the decisions are made by the representatives chosen by the people under a set of fundamental rules called the “Constitution”.
The Constitution is the supreme law of the country and was affirmed by the Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949. It came into action on 26 January 1950. The Preamble of the Indian Constitution guarantees it to be a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular and Democratic Republic with a parliamentary system of government. Currently, there are 28 states and 8 Union Territories in India.
The States Reorganization Act, formed in 1956 was a prime force in reorganizing the margins of Indian states along semantic lines.
This page contains all important general knowledge points on Indian state, Andhra Pradesh which will help in preparation of national and state level exams.
- Formed on -1st November,1956
- Capital -Amaravati
Governor - Biswabhusan Harichandan
• The first Indian state formed on linguistic basis.
• The state having second largest coastal region.
• South Indian state which is first in the production of rice.
• The state is known as ‘Rice bowl of India’ and ‘Egg bowl of India’.
• The South Indian state having largest coastal area.
• India’s first National Investment and Manufacturing zone (NIMZ) is come up in Andhra Pradesh.
• The first state launched the state-wide broadband project.
• The Cyber-state of India.
• The state is known as Kohinoor of India.
• Thbe state which produces large amount of hydro-electricity.
• The state first in the production of tobacco.
• The first South Indian state implemented Panchayati Raj in India.
• The first state in India held e-cabinet.
• Andhra state was formed on 1 October 1953 with Kurnool as its capital.
• Potti Sreeramulu undertook epic fast in 1952 and sacrificed his life that resulted in the creation of Andhra state.
• By his martyrdom he become the Amarajeevi or the immortal for Andhra people.
• Andhra Pradesh was formed on 1 November 1956.
• First Chief Minister of Andhra state was T.Prakasham
• T.Prakasham is known as Andhra Kesari.
• First Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh was Neelam Sanjiva Reddy.
• The foundation stone for the new capital city of Andhra Pradesh in Amravati was laid down by Narendra Modi.
• Amaravati is located on the banks of the river Krishna.
• Andhra Open University (Dr.BR.Ambedkar Open University) is the first Open university in India.
• Puttaparthi Ashram is located in Andhra Pradesh.
• Nagarjuna Sagar Dam is in Krishna river.
• Nagarjuna Sagar-Srisailam tiger reserve is the largest tiger reserve in India.
• Krishna, Godavari, Pennar, Vamsadhara, Nagavali, Palar are the major rivers in Andhra Pradesh.
• Rayalseema and Nellore are the thermal power plants in Andhra Pradesh.
• Sri Venkateshwara National Park, Papikonda National Park are the famous National Parks in Andhra Pradesh.
• Pulicat Lake, Nelapattu are the famous birds sanctuaries in Andhra Pradesh.
• Coringa, Nagarjuna Sagar Srisailam Sanctury are the important Wild Life Sancturies.
• Indira Gandhi Zoological Park is located in Andhra Pradesh (Vishakhapatnam).
• Nelapattu Bird Sanctury is situated in Andhra Pradesh.
• Horsley Hills is in Andhra Pradesh.
• Kolleru lake is the one of the largest freshwater lakes in India.
• Pulicat Lake is the second largest Brackish water lake in India.
• Rajahmundry is the cultural capital of Andhra Pradesh.
• Central Tobacco Research Institute is at Rajahmundry.
• British established their first factory in South India at Mauslipatnam.
• Satheesh Dhawan Space centre is located at Sreeharicotta.
• The Tummalapalle Uranium mine is one of the largest Uranium reserve in the world.
• National Rural Employment Guarantee scheme was launched on 2006 February 2 at Bandlapalli in Andhra Pradesh.
• India’s first Rubber dam was constructed in Vizinagaram.
• Sriharikota is known as spaceport of India.
• India’s satellite launching station is located at Sriharikota.
• Nagarjunakonda is a famous Buddhist place in Andhra Pradesh.
• Venkatachalam Village is the first cyber Grameen centre in India (rural cyber centre).
• Vijayawada is located on the banks of the river Krishna.
• India’s first Medical University was established at Vijayawada.
• National Research Centre for Oil Palm is at Pedavegi.
• Ramagiri gold mines and Agnigundala copper mines are in Andhra Pradesh.
• Kakinada is known as Second Madras.
• Godavari river is known as the lifeline of Andhra Pradesh.
• The second richest and the largest income collecting temple in India is Tirupati Venkateshwara Temple.
• Indian Navy launched Underwater Harbour defence system in Visakhapatanam.
Kakinada Session
• INC session at Kakinada was held in 1923.
• T.K. Madhavan passed a resolution for the abolishment of untouchability during this session.
• President of this session was Maulana Muhammad Ali.
Vishakhapatnam
• Vishakhapatnam is known as the jewel of East Coast.
• Deepest landlocked port in India.
• Hindustan Shipyards Limited is located here and it is the first shipyard in India.
• INS Kurusura Submarine Museum is situated here.
• Headquarters of Eastern Naval Command.
Famous Personalities in Andhra Pradesh
• Pingali Venkayya - Freeedom fighter
• Potti Sriramulu - Indian revolutionary
• Neelam Sanjiva Reddy –Former President
• Karnam Malleswari -Sports
Operation Nallamala
Operation Nallamala is an operation conducted by Indian Air Force for the search of former Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Y.S Rakashekhara Reddy who was died in helicopter crash in Nallamala Mountain Region in Andhra Pradesh.
Wildlife Sanctuaries in Andhra-Pradesh
1. Sri Venkateshwara Wildlife Sanctuary, Chittoor
Located about 10 km from Tirupati and on the Eastern Ghats, Venkateshwara National Park in Andhra Pradesh is home to endemic plant species and interesting fauna species like Slender Loris, Tree shrew, Wild dog etc.
2. Paikondalu National Park, Papikondalu
Papikondalu National Park in Andhra Pradesh's East and West Godavari districts is a beautiful forest reserve offering stunning views of nature and rich biodiversity of flora and fauna.
3. Kaundinya Wildlife Sanctuary, Andhra Pradesh
Kaundinya Wildlife Sanctuary in Andhra Pradesh is more just an ordinary wildlife sanctuary. It is also the only sanctuary in the state to have a sizeable population of Asian elephants which have migrated from the neighbouring states.
4. Nagarjunasagar Wildlife Sanctuary (Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Sanctuary)
Apart from being declared as a 'Tiger Reserve' in Andhra Pradesh in 1983, this place also inhabits several other species including langur, jackals and macaques etc. The sanctuary is also home to around 150 species of birds which include grey hornbill and pea fouls.
5. Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary, Kakinada
Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary in Andhra Pradesh is the home to as many as 35 species of mangrove plants, 120 species of rare birds and innumerable species of flora and fauna. This sanctuary is famous for being home to the critically endangered white-backed vulture and long-billed vulture. It is easy to spot a sea turtle, seagull, estuarine crocodile, stork, heron among many other endangered species of fauna here.
6. Gundla Brahmeswaram Wildlife Sanctuary, Andhra Pradesh
Animals that can be spotted here include tigers, wild dogs, sloth bears, panthers, and pythons. There is also a river that flows through the sanctuary. The Gundla Brahmeswaram Wildlife Sanctuary is known to be last surviving pristine forests of Nallamalai tract where traditional applications of the plants still survive in ethno-botanical value.
7. Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary, Kurnool
Rollapadu is especially known for being the home to the endangered species of The Great Indian Bustard and Lesser Florican.
8. Sri Lankamalleswara Wildlife Sanctuary
Sri Lankamalleswara Wildlife Sanctuary in Andhra Pradesh is the only natural habitat in the world where one can spot the highly endangered Jerdon's courser bird species. The sanctuary is also home to a large species for flora and fauna. It has dry deciduous forests with steep gorges and dramatic slopes.
References
1.three-capitals-of-andhra-pradesh-the-plan-on-pause-business-standard.com2.wildlife-sanctuaries-in-andhra-pradesh-traveltriangle.com
3.States_and_union_territories_of_India-wikipedia
4.indian-states-and-capitals-aplustopper.com
5.states-uts-knowindia.india.gov.in
6.website-andhra-pradesh-government-www.india.gov.in
7.AP government-www.ap.gov.in
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