Indian History:Buddhism-Jainism-Part2

 

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    Buddhism and Jainism-Part2

Daily Online General Knowledge Quiz:Previous year paper gk questions with answers and explanation in English on Indian History:Buddhism and Jainism.

1.Buddha means?
A. the enlightened one
B. the powerful
C. the religious preacher
D. The genius

the enlightened one

Note: As Gautama comprehended the Four Noble Truths and as he arose from the slumbers of ignorance, he is called a Buddha. Before his enlightenment, he was a Bodhisattva which means one who is aspiring to attain Buddhahood or enlightenment.

2.Both Jainism and Buddhism had no faith in?
A. Yajnas
B. Salvation
C. Sacrifices
D. Rituals

Rituals

Note: Buddhism as well as Jainism had no faith in Vedic religion. Besides that both Buddhism and Jainism had no faith in caste distinctions and opposed the caste System vehemently.

3. Vaishakha purnima has a great significance because on this day?
 A. Buddha died
B. Buddha got enlightened
C. Buddha was born
D. All of the above

All of the above

4.Which among the following is the sacred book of the Buddhists?
A.      Jatakas
B.      Vedas
C.      Upanishad
D.      Tripataka

Tripataka

Note: 'Pitaka' literally means basket and it was called so because the original texts were written on palm leaves. Sutta Pitaka, Vinaya Pitaka and Abhidhamma Pitaka are collectively called as Tripataka.

5.Who propounded the 'Eight-Fold Path' for the end of misery of mankind?
  A. Gautama Buddha
  B. Mahavir
  C. Adi Shankaracharya
  D. Kabir

Gautama Buddha

Note: The Eight-fold path is one of the principal teachings of the Buddha. It is used to develop insight into the true nature of phenomena and to eradicate greed, hatred and delusion.

The Eight-Fold path is the fourth of the Buddha's Four Noble Truths. It is also known as the middle path or middle way.

6.Nalanda University was a great centre of learning, especially in?
A. Buddhism
B. Tantra
C. Jainism
D. Vaishnavism

Buddhism

Note: Nalanda University was established by the Gupta king Kumargupta in the 5th-century CE. It flourished during the reign of Kumaragupta-1 and the university attracted scholars and students from as far away as Tibet, China, Greece and Persia. Later, Nalanda university destroyed by Turkish invader, Bakhtiyar Khilji in 1202 AD. Muhammad-bin-Baktiyar Khilji, one of the commanders of Muhammad of Ghori.

7.The 'Ajivikas' were a?
A. Sect contemporary to the Buddha.
B. Sect founded by Charvaka
C. Sect founded by Shankaracharya.
D. None of these

Sect contemporary to the Buddha

Note:  Ajivika was a system of ancient Indian philosophy. Ajivika was primarily a heterodox Hindu or Atheistic System. The Ajivikas may simply have been a more loosely-organised group of wandering ascetics. One of their prominent leaders was Makkhall Gosal.

8.Which among the following 'MATH' is related with Buddhism?
A. Dakhma
B. Chaitya
C. Khangah
D. Angeri

Chaitya

Note: A chaitya is a Buddhist or Jain shrine. In modern texts on Indian architecture, the term 'chaitya' is often used to denote assembly or prayer hall. Chaityas were probably constructed to hold large numbers of devotees and to provide shelter for them.

9.Which of the following ancient Indian town was home to the three scholar sages, Kapila,Gargi and Maitreya?
A. Kaashi
B. Mithila
C. Ujjaini
D. Pataliputra

Mithila

Note: Mithila was the home of the three scholar sages. i.e, Gargi,Kapila and Maitreya. It was the capital town of Raja Janak's territory

The city of Mithila is identified as modern day Janakpur in Dhanusa district of Nepal.

10.The famous rock-cuts temple of Kailasa is at?
A. Ajanta
B. Badami
C. Mahabalipuram
D. Ellora

Ellora

Note: Kailasa temple is an example of Dravidian architecture. It is a megalith carved out of one single rock. Kailash temple was built in the 8th century by the Rashtrakuta king Krishna 1.

11. The subject matter of Ajanta paintings pertains to ?
A. Jainism
B. Buddhism
C. Vaishnavism
D. Shaivism

Buddhism

Note: The Ajanta caves are the treasure house of paintings that portray scenes from Jataka tales and from the life of Lord Buddha

The Jataka tales are a voluminous body of literature native to India concerning the previous births of Gautama Buddha in both human and animal form.

12. Gandhara school of art came into existence in?
 A. Hinayana sect
B. Shaiva sect
C. Mahayana Sect
D. Vaishnava sect

Mahayana Sect

Note: Gandhara school of art flourished during Kushan Dynasty. The Kushan kings, especially Kanishka, encouraged the Gandhara art.

The Gandhara sculptures have been found in the ruins of Taxila and in various ancient sites in Afghanistan and in West Pakistan. They consist mostly of the images of the Buddha.

A figure of Gandhara art shows the first sermon in the deer park and the death of the Buddha.

13. Who according to the Buddhists, is believed to be the next incarnation of Gautama Buddha?
A. Atreya
B. Maitreya
C. Nagarjuna
D. Kalki

Maitreya

According to the scriptures, Maitreya will be a successor of the historic Sakyamuni Buddha.

In some Buddhist literature, such as the 'Amitabha Sutra' and the 'Lotus Sutra', Maitreya is referred to as Ajita Bodisattva.

14. With which of the following is the classic 'Jivaka Chintamani' in Tamil associated?
 A. Jainism
B. Buddhism
C. Hinduism
D. Christainity

Jainism

Note: Jivaka Chintamani is an epic poem, considered as one of the five great Tamil epics. It was composed during the 10th century by Thiruthakka Thevar, a Jain monk. It narrates the romantic exploits of Jivaka and throws light on arts of music and dance of the era. The epic contains the exposition of Jain doctrines and beliefs.

15. Buddhism in Nepal was introduced during the reign of ?
A. Samudragupta
B. Ashoka
C. Chandragupta
D. HArshavardhana

Ashoka

Note: Ashoka sent many prominent Buddhist monks to Modern Kashmir, Afghanistan, Syria, Persia, Egypt, Greece, Italy and Turkey. He built a number of stupas, viharas, chaitya and residences for Buddhist monks all over South Asia and Central Asia. The Ashokan pillar at Lumbini, Nepal speaks about Ashoka and his works.

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